从(cong)全(quan)球(qiu)各国对燃油汽(qi)车的(de)(de)时间表来看，油改(gai)电(dian)(dian)早已成为(wei)势不可挡(dang)的(de)(de)发(fa)展趋势，锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)作为(wei)现阶(jie)段最为(wei)行之有效的(de)(de)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源解(jie)决方案，已经在全(quan)球(qiu)得到了高速的(de)(de)发(fa)展，特别是在中国，动力电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)产能(neng)(neng)严(yan)重过(guo)剩，竞争异常激(ji)烈(lie)。正是在这种市场环境(jing)下(xia)，比(bi)亚迪最近拔出了新(xin)的(de)(de)战(zhan)刀——刀片电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，很有可能(neng)(neng)改(gai)变(bian)动力电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)行业格局。

多年(nian)来(lai)，困扰汽车(che)动(dong)力(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)主要有三(san)个方面，即(ji)安全、续航(hang)里(li)程、价格。一(yi)(yi)般来(lai)说，动(dong)力(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)成本占整车(che)成本的(de)40%，甚至(zhi)还要更多，降低(di)动(dong)力(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)成本一(yi)(yi)直是电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)供应商和主机厂的(de)重要任务之一(yi)(yi)。就(jiu)在上(shang)个月(yue)举行的(de)中国电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)汽车(che)百人会上(shang)，比亚迪董事(shi)长兼(jian)总(zong)裁(cai)王传福透露(lu)，将(jiang)(jiang)于今年(nian)首次量(liang)产新一(yi)(yi)代(dai)的(de)磷酸铁锂电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)——刀(dao)片(pian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。比亚迪将(jiang)(jiang)刀(dao)片(pian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)称为“超级铁锂电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)”，续航(hang)里(li)程高达600公(gong)里(li)，放电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)倍率将(jiang)(jiang)大(da)幅提升(sheng)，寿命长达 8 年(nian) 120 万公(gong)里(li)，成本还可以节约30%，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)体积比能量(liang)密度将(jiang)(jiang)提升(sheng)50%。 

那么，什么是(shi)(shi)刀片电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)呢？简(jian)单来说(shuo)，就是(shi)(shi)长电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯方(fang)案，通(tong)过(guo)增(zeng)大(da)(da)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)长度(du)，将(jiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯扁长化设(she)(she)计(ji)，来进一步改进电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)集成效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技术(shu)。它不(bu)是(shi)(shi)某一个特定尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯，而(er)是(shi)(shi)基于不(bu)同(tong)需求可形成不(bu)同(tong)尺寸(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一系列电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯。比亚迪(di)除(chu)了在(zai)(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯做出(chu)改变(bian)，同(tong)时在(zai)(zai)Pack方(fang)式上也(ye)与众不(bu)同(tong)，相(xiang)较“电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯-电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)模组(zu)-电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)传统(tong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)封(feng)装模式，刀片电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)相(xiang)当于将(jiang)“电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯”和(he)“电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)模组(zu)”整合在(zai)(zai)了一起，即CTP模式，全称Cell To Pack，也(ye)叫无(wu)模组(zu)技术(shu)。在(zai)(zai)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)总(zong)体积一致的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情况下(xia)，因为传统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)PACK结构(gou)，有(you)各模组(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)侧板(ban)、端板(ban)、紧固件、横梁(liang)、纵梁(liang)等组(zu)件，包(bao)(bao)(bao)内(nei)空间(jian)利用(yong)率(lv)大(da)(da)概(gai)在(zai)(zai)40%左右；而(er)采用(yong)了CTP技术(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比亚迪(di)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)，除(chu)去电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系统(tong)、配电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱(xiang)等组(zu)件，包(bao)(bao)(bao)内(nei)空间(jian)利用(yong)率(lv)大(da)(da)概(gai)在(zai)(zai)62%左右，如有(you)特别需求甚至可以达到(dao)(dao)80%，通(tong)过(guo)这种设(she)(she)计(ji)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)优(you)化，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)体积比能(neng)(neng)量密度(du)能(neng)(neng)够得(de)到(dao)(dao)明显(xian)提升(sheng)(sheng)，而(er)且结构(gou)变(bian)得(de)更精简(jian)，意(yi)味着电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)附加(jia)组(zu)件大(da)(da)大(da)(da)减少，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)带来系统(tong)能(neng)(neng)量密度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提升(sheng)(sheng)。也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)说(shuo)同(tong)一辆车，采用(yong)CTP技术(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)PACK后，带电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量约增(zeng)加(jia)20%-30%，续航里程也(ye)能(neng)(neng)提升(sheng)(sheng)20%-30%。

比亚迪刀(dao)片(pian)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)具(ju)备高(gao)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、长(zhang)寿命的核心优势基(ji)于磷酸铁锂技(ji)术的刀(dao)片(pian)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)障大幅提(ti)升，它的失控(kong)温度(du)远高(gao)于三元锂电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，同时电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)组(zu)具(ju)有(you)(you)更高(gao)的整体(ti)刚性(xing)，抗变形、耐挤(ji)压和穿刺的能力也更强，电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)组(zu)内部(bu)短路(lu)的几率接近于零。比亚迪独创的七维(wei)四层电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)体(ti)系，在每个维(wei)度(du)跟层级都有(you)(you)对(dui)应(ying)的防护(hu)(hu)措施。其中，四个层级指单体(ti)、模组(zu)、电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包、系统，七个维(wei)度(du)包括可(ke)靠连接、高(gao)压防护(hu)(hu)、碰撞、过(guo)充、短路(lu)和热失控(kong)，全(quan)(quan)方位有(you)(you)效的保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)。技(ji)术和体(ti)系双(shuang)管齐下，比亚迪刀(dao)片(pian)电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，势必将再一次(ci)定义全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)动力电(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)新标(biao)准(zhun)。

对(dui)于比亚迪以电(dian)(dian)池起家(jia)的(de)(de)公司来说(shuo)，自身研(yan)发的(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)池配套(tao)车辆，对(dui)于整车利润和成本方面会(hui)(hui)较采用(yong)其(qi)他电(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)车型(xing)将相(xiang)对(dui)可(ke)控很多。当(dang)更低成本的(de)(de)磷酸(suan)铁(tie)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池能(neng)够做到与三(san)元电(dian)(dian)池车型(xing)续航里程相(xiang)差无几，这(zhei)也(ye)可(ke)以看作是(shi)(shi)比亚迪对(dui)于宁德时(shi)(shi)(shi)代等电(dian)(dian)池供应商所(suo)下(xia)的(de)(de)一(yi)封挑战书，力求撼动(dong)宁德时(shi)(shi)(shi)代在电(dian)(dian)池行业当(dang)中的(de)(de)霸主地位。从三(san)元锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池回到磷酸(suan)铁(tie)锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池时(shi)(shi)(shi)代，那么电(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)正极材料其(qi)实更为普遍，降低成本的(de)(de)同(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)不会(hui)(hui)占用(yong)太多的(de)(de)资源，这(zhei)对(dui)于市场来说(shuo)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)种(zhong)进步。如果比亚迪确(que)实能(neng)做到这(zhei)种(zhong)程度(du)，那将在很大(da)程度(du)上(shang)改变目前锂(li)电(dian)(dian)池产业链，尤(you)其(qi)是(shi)(shi)磷酸(suan)铁(tie)锂(li)行业的(de)(de)格局(ju)。同(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，我们更为期盼的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)比亚迪全(quan)新的(de)(de)磷酸(suan)铁(tie)锂(li)刀片电(dian)(dian)池组真正装上(shang)整机之(zhi)后的(de)(de)表现如何。