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工程机械维修10个“不”,谁做到了?_行业资讯_资讯动态_厦门永新昌机械设备有限公司

资讯动态 比亚迪叉车 2018-01-03

维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)是恢复工(gong)程(cheng)机(ji)(ji)械(xie)技术(shu)性能(neng),排除故障(zhang)及消除故障(zhang)隐患,延长机(ji)(ji)械(xie)使用(yong)寿命的(de)(de)有效手段。在维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)中还存在着(zhe)诸多技术(shu)问(wen)题(ti)。这些问(wen)题(ti)的(de)(de)存在,容易导致机(ji)(ji)械(xie)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)质量不高,装备可(ke)靠性差,从而使消费者蒙受损失(shi),甚至重大工(gong)程(cheng)机(ji)(ji)械(xie)事(shi)故的(de)(de)发生。本文针对工(gong)程(cheng)机(ji)(ji)械(xie)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)工(gong)作中遇(yu)到(dao)的(de)(de)常见技术(shu)问(wen)题(ti)做(zuo)出(chu)分析,绝对值(zhi)得一看哦!

1、不能正确判断分析故障(zhang),盲目大拆大卸的现象司空见惯。

一些维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)人员(yuan)由于(yu)(yu)对(dui)工(gong)程机(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)结(jie)(jie)构(gou)、原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理不(bu)(bu)清楚,不(bu)(bu)认真分析故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因,不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)准确(que)判(pan)断(duan)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)部(bu)位,凭着“大概、差不(bu)(bu)多(duo)(duo)”的思想盲目对(dui)机(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)大拆(chai)大卸,结(jie)(jie)果不(bu)(bu)但原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)未排除(chu),而且由于(yu)(yu)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)技能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)工(gong)艺较差,又出现(xian)新(xin)的问题。1台(tai)推土机(ji)(ji)(ji)出现(xian)柴油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)动力不(bu)(bu)足、机(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)无法(fa)工(gong)作的故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang),维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)人员(yuan)拆(chai)卸分解(jie)了(le)PT喷(pen)(pen)油(you)泵(beng)和(he)喷(pen)(pen)油(you)器也没有找到故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因,更换1个喷(pen)(pen)油(you)泵(beng)试验(yan),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)依(yi)旧(jiu)。最(zui)后(hou)检查故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)是由于(yu)(yu)所用(yong)柴油(you)内部(bu)杂(za)质、水分过多(duo)(duo)引起,而此(ci)次(ci)拆(chai)卸却导致PT喷(pen)(pen)油(you)泵(beng)的性(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)明显下降,柴油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)功率不(bu)(bu)足。因此(ci),当机(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)出现(xian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)后(hou),要通(tong)过检测设备(bei)进行(xing)检测,如无检测设备(bei),可通(tong)过“问、看(kan)、查、试”等传统的故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)判(pan)断(duan)方法(fa)和(he)手段,结(jie)(jie)合工(gong)程机(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)的结(jie)(jie)构(gou)和(he)工(gong)作原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理,确(que)定最(zui)可能(neng)(neng)(neng)发生故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)的部(bu)位。在判(pan)定工(gong)程机(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)时,一般常用(yong)“排除(chu)法(fa)”和(he)“比较法(fa)”,按照从简单到复(fu)杂(za)、先外表后(hou)内部(bu)、先总成(cheng)再(zai)部(bu)件的顺序进行(xing),切忌“不(bu)(bu)问青(qing)红(hong)皂(zao)白,盲目大拆(chai)大卸”。

2、盲(mang)目更换零(ling)部件,一味“换件修(xiu)理(li)”的现象(xiang)不同程度(du)地存在。

工程机(ji)械故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)判(pan)断和(he)排除相(xiang)对(dui)(dui)困难(nan)一些,有(you)些维(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)员一贯采(cai)用(yong)换(huan)(huan)件(jian)试验的(de)方法(fa),不(bu)论(lun)大件(jian)小件(jian),只(zhi)要(yao)认(ren)为可(ke)能是(shi)导致(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)零(ling)(ling)部件(jian),一个(ge)一个(ge)更换(huan)(huan)试验,结果非(fei)但故(gu)障(zhang)没排除,且把不(bu)该(gai)更换(huan)(huan)的(de)零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)随(sui)意更换(huan)(huan)了,增加了消费者的(de)开(kai)支。1台挖掘机(ji),因转(zhuan)向(xiang)困难(nan)到(dao)某厂(chang)维(wei)修(xiu),厂(chang)家更换(huan)(huan)了叶片(pian)泵(转(zhuan)向(xiang)泵)、溢流(liu)阀、转(zhuan)向(xiang)油(you)(you)缸(gang)等零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)也无(wu)济于(yu)事(shi),后发(fa)现(xian)(xian)故(gu)障(zhang)原因是(shi)转(zhuan)向(xiang)油(you)(you)箱到(dao)叶片(pian)泵的(de)一根液压(ya)油(you)(you)管内部老(lao)化胶脱,致(zhi)(zhi)使液压(ya)油(you)(you)液流(liu)量及(ji)(ji)压(ya)力(li)不(bu)足所致(zhi)(zhi)。还(hai)有(you)些故(gu)障(zhang)零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)完全可(ke)以通过(guo)修(xiu)理恢复(fu)(fu)其技术性能,如发(fa)电机(ji)、起动机(ji)、机(ji)油(you)(you)冷却器(qi)、齿轮油(you)(you)泵等出现(xian)(xian)故(gu)障(zhang),不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)复(fu)(fu)杂修(xiu)理工艺即可(ke)修(xiu)复(fu)(fu),但维(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)员却要(yao)求用(yong)户更换(huan)(huan)新件(jian),一味采(cai)取“换(huan)(huan)件(jian)修(xiu)理”的(de)方法(fa),造成严重的(de)浪(lang)费。上述(shu)盲目(mu)换(huan)(huan)件(jian)试验和(he)一味更换(huan)(huan)可(ke)修(xiu)复(fu)(fu)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的(de)做法(fa)在(zai)一些修(xiu)理单位还(hai)不(bu)同(tong)程度地存在(zai)着。在(zai)维(wei)修(xiu)时,应根据故(gu)障(zhang)现(xian)(xian)象认(ren)真(zhen)分(fen)析判(pan)断故(gu)障(zhang)原因及(ji)(ji)部位,对(dui)(dui)能修(xiu)复(fu)(fu)的(de)零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)要(yao)采(cai)取修(xiu)理的(de)方法(fa)恢复(fu)(fu)技术性能,杜绝盲目(mu)更换(huan)(huan)零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)的(de)做法(fa)。

3、不检查新(xin)件质量,装(zhuang)配后出现(xian)故障的问(wen)题(ti)比较常见(jian)。

在(zai)更(geng)(geng)换(huan)配件(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian),有(you)些(xie)维修人员对新配件(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)做技术检(jian)(jian)查(cha),拿来后(hou)(hou)(hou)直接(jie)安装(zhuang)到(dao)工程机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械上,这种做法(fa)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)科学的(de)(de)。目(mu)前(qian)市(shi)场上出(chu)售的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)配件(jian)(jian)(jian)质量良莠不(bu)均,一些(xie)假冒(mao)伪劣配件(jian)(jian)(jian)鱼目(mu)混珠;还有(you)一些(xie)配件(jian)(jian)(jian)由(you)(you)于库存(cun)时间过(guo)长,性能(neng)发生变化,如不(bu)经检(jian)(jian)测(ce),装(zhuang)配后(hou)(hou)(hou)常(chang)常(chang)引起故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)发生。1台上海120A推土机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),柴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)冷(leng)(leng)却(que)器(qi)(qi)冻裂,导致(zhi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)进(jin)水,更(geng)(geng)换(huan)一新机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)冷(leng)(leng)却(que)器(qi)(qi),起动试(shi)(shi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)仍然进(jin)水,又检(jian)(jian)查(cha)了(le)其它部件(jian)(jian)(jian),未找到(dao)故(gu)障(zhang)原因。后(hou)(hou)(hou)拆开新机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)冷(leng)(leng)却(que)器(qi)(qi)边盖(gai),发现边盖(gai)处(chu)的(de)(de)封油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圈没(mei)有(you)压实(shi),导致(zhi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和水发生混合(he),原因是(shi)(shi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)冷(leng)(leng)却(que)器(qi)(qi)质量不(bu)过(guo)关。1台ZL50装(zhuang)载机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),柴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)压力(li)过(guo)低,分析是(shi)(shi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)滤清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)堵塞(sai),更(geng)(geng)换(huan)了(le)一新机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)滤清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi),试(shi)(shi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)压力(li)仍低。后(hou)(hou)(hou)检(jian)(jian)查(cha)或更(geng)(geng)换(huan)了(le)所有(you)可能(neng)导致(zhi)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)压力(li)低的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)部件(jian)(jian)(jian),但机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)压力(li)仍不(bu)能(neng)升高,最后(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)没(mei)有(you)查(cha)到(dao)故(gu)障(zhang)原因、机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)压力(li)偏低的(de)(de)情况(kuang)下勉强使用,结果导致(zhi)柴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)烧(shao)瓦(wa)抱轴、曲轴断(duan)裂、连杆弯曲,损失万余元。后(hou)(hou)(hou)经检(jian)(jian)查(cha)是(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)于更(geng)(geng)换(huan)的(de)(de)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)滤清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)滤芯(粗滤器(qi)(qi))已(yi)被过(guo)多(duo)的(de)(de)铁锈堵塞(sai),原因是(shi)(shi)该滤清(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)长时间库存(cun)保管导致(zhi)内(nei)部生锈。因此(ci),在(zai)更(geng)(geng)换(huan)新配件(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)一定要进(jin)行必(bi)要的(de)(de)检(jian)(jian)查(cha)测(ce)试(shi)(shi),检(jian)(jian)测(ce)包(bao)括外观及性能(neng)测(ce)试(shi)(shi),确(que)保新配件(jian)(jian)(jian)无故(gu)障(zhang),杜绝(jue)其引起的(de)(de)不(bu)必(bi)要麻(ma)烦。

4、不注(zhu)意配件(jian)型(xing)号,配件(jian)代用或错(cuo)用的现象较普遍。

在(zai)(zai)维(wei)修(xiu)工程机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械时,配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)件代(dai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)或错用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的现象仍然(ran)较普遍,有(you)些配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)件应急代(dai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是可(ke)行的,但长时间使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)却有(you)害(hai)无(wu)(wu)益,影响(xiang)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械的安(an)全和(he)技术性(xing)能(neng)。有(you)些维(wei)修(xiu)人(ren)员对机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械结构(gou)、原(yuan)理了解较少,很多零(ling)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)件型(xing)(xing)(xing)号(hao)不(bu)(bu)符,但却认为只(zhi)要能(neng)装上(shang)就行,不(bu)(bu)考虑(lv)能(neng)否发挥机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械的技术性(xing)能(neng)。如4120F柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)应使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)350瓦发电机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),却使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)500瓦发电机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),浪(lang)费了功率(lv);ZL50装载机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)QD274型(xing)(xing)(xing)启动机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),却使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了QD50型(xing)(xing)(xing)启动机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),因(yin)功率(lv)不(bu)(bu)足,柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)起动困难;135系列增(zeng)压(ya)(ya)和(he)非增(zeng)压(ya)(ya)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的活塞、气门、摇臂等(deng)不(bu)(bu)通用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),却常出现混用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)现象,使柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)起动困难、功率(lv)降低(di),甚至酿成严重的机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)件损坏事故。1台(tai)6135ZD型(xing)(xing)(xing)增(zeng)压(ya)(ya)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),由于错用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)了非增(zeng)压(ya)(ya)型(xing)(xing)(xing)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)活塞,装配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)后(hou)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)起动不(bu)(bu)着火,更(geng)换原(yuan)型(xing)(xing)(xing)号(hao)活塞(增(zeng)压(ya)(ya)型(xing)(xing)(xing))后(hou),柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)顺利起动;不(bu)(bu)同型(xing)(xing)(xing)号(hao)的柴(chai)(chai)(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)高(gao)压(ya)(ya)油(you)管、喷油(you)嘴偶件、柱塞偶件代(dai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),导致喷油(you)量(liang)及供油(you)提前角(jiao)发生(sheng)变化;用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)残次品(pin)代(dai)替(ti)(ti)合格品(pin),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)铁丝、铁钉代(dai)替(ti)(ti)开口销(xiao)(xiao),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)钢筋、旧螺(luo)栓代(dai)替(ti)(ti)圆柱销(xiao)(xiao)等(deng),质量(liang)无(wu)(wu)法(fa)保证,长期使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是绝不(bu)(bu)允许的。因(yin)此在(zai)(zai)维(wei)修(xiu)工程机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械时,应尽(jin)量(liang)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)原(yuan)装型(xing)(xing)(xing)号(hao)的配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)件,不(bu)(bu)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)其它(ta)型(xing)(xing)(xing)号(hao)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)件代(dai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),更(geng)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)错用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。

5、不重视螺栓的选用(yong),螺栓使用(yong)混乱的现象较突(tu)出。

在维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)时(shi),乱(luan)(luan)用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)的现(xian)(xian)象还比(bi)较(jiao)突出(chu)(chu),因(yin)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)性能、质量不(bu)符合(he)技术(shu)要求,导(dao)致维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)后(hou)(hou)机(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)频出(chu)(chu)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的专用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),如传动轴螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、缸盖螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、连杆螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、飞轮螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、喷油(you)器(qi)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)等是用(yong)(yong)特殊材质经(jing)过特殊加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)制成的,其(qi)(qi)强(qiang)度大、抗剪切力强(qiang),确保联接、固(gu)定(ding)(ding)可靠。实(shi)(shi)际维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)作业中,有些(xie)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员发(fa)(fa)现(xian)(xian)这些(xie)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)损(sun)(sun)坏(huai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)缺失(shi)时(shi),一时(shi)找不(bu)到标准(zhun)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),有的随意取(qu)来其(qi)(qi)它螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)代替(ti),有的自(zi)行(xing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)代用(yong)(yong),这些(xie)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)因(yin)材质差或(huo)(huo)(huo)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)艺不(bu)合(he)格,给工(gong)(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的后(hou)(hou)期使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)留下故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)隐患,74式II型挖掘机(ji)(ji)后(hou)(hou)桥轮边减速器(qi)内连接行(xing)星轮架和轮边减速器(qi)壳体的6只(zhi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)承(cheng)受较(jiao)大的扭矩,这6只(zhi)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)发(fa)(fa)生(sheng)断(duan)裂损(sun)(sun)坏(huai),一些(xie)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)其(qi)(qi)它螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)或(huo)(huo)(huo)自(zi)行(xing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)代用(yong)(yong),常(chang)出(chu)(chu)现(xian)(xian)因(yin)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)强(qiang)度不(bu)够而再次(ci)折断(duan)的情况;有些(xie)部(bu)位(wei)需用(yong)(yong)“小螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)距”的“细扣自(zi)紧”螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、铜螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、镀铜螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),却使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)普通螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)代替(ti),导(dao)致出(chu)(chu)现(xian)(xian)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)自(zi)行(xing)松脱、拆卸困难等现(xian)(xian)象,如柴油(you)机(ji)(ji)排气(qi)歧管固(gu)定(ding)(ding)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)多为铜制,防止受热或(huo)(huo)(huo)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)时(shi)间过长不(bu)易拆卸,但在实(shi)(shi)际维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)时(shi),却多数(shu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)了普通螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu),时(shi)间一长拆卸十分困难;有些(xie)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)经(jing)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)会(hui)出(chu)(chu)现(xian)(xian)拉伸、变形等缺陷,有些(xie)技术(shu)要求规定(ding)(ding)拆装几次(ci)后(hou)(hou)必须换(huan)(huan)新的螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),因(yin)维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员不(bu)了解这些(xie)情况,多次(ci)重复(fu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)合(he)格的螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),也(ye)易导(dao)致机(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)事故(gu)(gu)(gu)的发(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。因(yin)此(ci),在维(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)时(shi),当螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)损(sun)(sun)坏(huai)或(huo)(huo)(huo)丢失(shi)要及时(shi)更换(huan)(huan)符合(he)要求的螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),切忌乱(luan)(luan)用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)。

6、螺栓拧紧(jin)方(fang)法不当的情(qing)况较严重(zhong)。

工程机(ji)械(xie)各部位固(gu)定(ding)或(huo)联接螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)多数有(you)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)要(yao)求(qiu),如喷油(you)器(qi)固(gu)定(ding)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、缸(gang)盖螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、连杆螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、飞轮螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)等,有(you)些(xie)规(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju),有(you)些(xie)规(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)角度(du),同时(shi)(shi)还规(gui)定(ding)了(le)(le)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)顺序(xu)(xu)。一些(xie)维修人员,认为拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)谁都会(hui)做,无关紧(jin)(jin)(jin)要(yao),不(bu)按(an)(an)规(gui)定(ding)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)及顺序(xu)(xu)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)(有(you)的根本不(bu)了(le)(le)解有(you)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)和(he)顺序(xu)(xu)要(yao)求(qiu)),不(bu)使用扭力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(公斤)扳手,或(huo)随意使用加力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)杆,凭感觉(jue)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin),导(dao)致拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)相差很(hen)大(da)(da)。力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)不(bu)足,螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)易(yi)发生松脱(tuo),导(dao)致冲坏(huai)气(qi)缸(gang)衬垫、轴瓦松动、漏油(you)、漏气(qi);力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)过(guo)大(da)(da),螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)易(yi)拉伸变形,甚至断裂,有(you)时(shi)(shi)还会(hui)损坏(huai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)纹孔(kong),影(ying)响了(le)(le)修理质量。1台(tai)ZL50装载机(ji),变矩(ju)(ju)器(qi)向外(wai)甩(shuai)液压油(you),经检查是由于(yu)联接泵轮和(he)罩轮的24个(ge)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)没有(you)按(an)(an)规(gui)定(ding)的顺序(xu)(xu)和(he)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)。因此,在(zai)维修工程机(ji)械(xie)时(shi)(shi),一定(ding)要(yao)按(an)(an)规(gui)定(ding)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)和(he)顺序(xu)(xu)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan),防(fang)止因螺(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)拧(ning)紧(jin)(jin)(jin)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)矩(ju)(ju)过(guo)大(da)(da)、过(guo)小(xiao)或(huo)顺序(xu)(xu)不(bu)当而导(dao)致机(ji)械(xie)发生故(gu)障(zhang)。

7、不注(zhu)意检测(ce)零部件(jian)配合间隙的现象为数(shu)不少。

柴(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)活塞(sai)(sai)与缸套配合(he)(he)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、活塞(sai)(sai)环“三隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)”、活塞(sai)(sai)顶隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、气(qi)门间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、柱塞(sai)(sai)余(yu)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、制动(dong)蹄片(pian)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、主从(cong)动(dong)齿轮啮合(he)(he)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、轴承(cheng)轴向和径(jing)向间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、气(qi)门杆与气(qi)门导(dao)管(guan)配合(he)(he)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等,各类(lei)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)型都(dou)有(you)(you)严(yan)格的(de)要求,在维修时必须进行(xing)(xing)测量(liang),对不(bu)(bu)(bu)符合(he)(he)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要求的(de)零部(bu)件要进行(xing)(xing)调整或(huo)(huo)更换(huan)。实际维修工作中(zhong),不(bu)(bu)(bu)测量(liang)配合(he)(he)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)而(er)盲目装(zhuang)配零部(bu)件的(de)现象为数(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)少,导(dao)致轴承(cheng)早期(qi)磨(mo)损(sun)或(huo)(huo)烧蚀、柴(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)烧机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)、起动(dong)困难(nan)或(huo)(huo)爆燃、活塞(sai)(sai)环折断、机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)件撞击、漏油(you)、漏气(qi)等故(gu)(gu)障(zhang),有(you)(you)时甚至会因(yin)零部(bu)件配合(he)(he)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)当(dang),导(dao)致机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械严(yan)重损(sun)坏(huai)事故(gu)(gu)的(de)发生(sheng)。1台(tai)日产(chan)6DB-10P柴(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)大修后(hou),试机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)运转30分(fen)钟左右自行(xing)(xing)熄火(huo)(huo),再打起动(dong)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)着(zhe)火(huo)(huo),检查(cha)油(you)液、油(you)路等正常(chang)(chang),停机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)放置30分(fen)钟后(hou)又(you)可(ke)起动(dong)着(zhe)火(huo)(huo),但运转30分(fen)钟又(you)自行(xing)(xing)熄火(huo)(huo)。后(hou)来检查(cha)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)原因(yin)是由于(yu)喷油(you)泵柱塞(sai)(sai)余(yu)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)过(guo)小,柴(chai)油(you)机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)温(wen)度(du)升高后(hou),柱塞(sai)(sai)膨胀和出油(you)阀相抵(di)触,不(bu)(bu)(bu)能正常(chang)(chang)往复运动(dong)供(gong)油(you)而(er)自行(xing)(xing)熄火(huo)(huo),停机(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)降(jiang)温(wen)后(hou),柱塞(sai)(sai)和出油(you)阀间(jian)又(you)有(you)(you)了一定(ding)的(de)间(jian)隙(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)而(er)可(ke)正常(chang)(chang)供(gong)油(you)。

8、不(bu)(bu)成对、成套(tao)更(geng)换偶(ou)件(jian)或(huo)组(zu)件(jian)的情况也不(bu)(bu)少见。

工(gong)程(cheng)机(ji)械上有(you)很(hen)多偶件(jian),如(ru)柴油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)燃(ran)油(you)(you)(you)系统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)柱塞(sai)副、出油(you)(you)(you)阀副、喷油(you)(you)(you)嘴针阀副偶件(jian);驱动(dong)(dong)桥(qiao)主减(jian)速器(qi)内(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主、从(cong)动(dong)(dong)齿轮(lun);液压(ya)(ya)(ya)操纵阀中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阀块与(yu)阀杆;全液压(ya)(ya)(ya)转向器(qi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阀芯(xin)与(yu)阀套等(deng)(deng),这些(xie)配(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)偶件(jian)在(zai)工(gong)厂制(zhi)造时(shi)经过(guo)特殊加工(gong),成对研磨而成,配(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)十分精密,在(zai)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)寿命期(qi)内(nei)始终成对使用(yong),切不(bu)(bu)可互换(huan);一(yi)些(xie)相互配(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)组件(jian),如(ru)活塞(sai)与(yu)缸套、轴(zhou)瓦与(yu)轴(zhou)颈、气门与(yu)气门座、连(lian)杆大(da)头(tou)(tou)瓦盖与(yu)杆身等(deng)(deng),经过(guo)一(yi)段时(shi)间的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨合(he)(he)使用(yong),相对配(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)较(jiao)好,在(zai)维修(xiu)时(shi),也应注意(yi)成对装配(pei)(pei),不(bu)(bu)要弄串(chuan);柴油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)连(lian)杆、活塞(sai)、风扇皮(pi)带、高压(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)(you)管、挖掘机(ji)中(zhong)央回转接头(tou)(tou)油(you)(you)(you)封、推土机(ji)主离合(he)(he)器(qi)胶布节等(deng)(deng),这些(xie)一(yi)台机(ji)械同时(shi)使用(yong)一(yi)套的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)件(jian),发(fa)生损坏一(yi)定(ding)要成套更换(huan),否则由于配(pei)(pei)件(jian)质(zhi)量(liang)差别大(da)、新旧程(cheng)度不(bu)(bu)同、长短(duan)尺寸不(bu)(bu)一(yi),会导致柴油(you)(you)(you)机(ji)运转不(bu)(bu)稳、液压(ya)(ya)(ya)系统(tong)漏(lou)油(you)(you)(you)、载荷集中(zhong)现象(xiang)严重、更换(huan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)易(yi)早期(qi)损坏等(deng)(deng)。在(zai)实际(ji)维修(xiu)工(gong)作中(zhong),有(you)人(ren)为了减(jian)少(shao)开支、有(you)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)了解技术要求,不(bu)(bu)成对或成套更换(huan)上述零部件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情况还(hai)不(bu)(bu)少(shao)见,降低了工(gong)程(cheng)机(ji)械的(de)(de)(de)(de)维修(xiu)质(zhi)量(liang),缩短(duan)了机(ji)件(jian)寿命,增加了故障发(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)可能性(xing),应引起足够的(de)(de)(de)(de)重视。

9、装配时零(ling)部件装反的情况时有发生(sheng)。

在维(wei)(wei)修工(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)时,一(yi)些(xie)零部(bu)(bu)件装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配有(you)(you)着严格的(de)(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)要求,只有(you)(you)正确安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),才能保证(zheng)零部(bu)(bu)件正常(chang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。有(you)(you)些(xie)零部(bu)(bu)件外部(bu)(bu)特征不(bu)明显,正反(fan)(fan)都(dou)可以安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),在实(shi)际工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中时常(chang)出现(xian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情况,导致(zhi)零件早(zao)期损(sun)坏、机(ji)(ji)械(xie)不(bu)能正常(chang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)、工(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)损(sun)坏事(shi)故等。如发动机(ji)(ji)气缸衬(chen)垫、不(bu)等距气门弹簧(huang)(如F6L912柴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)机(ji)(ji))、发动机(ji)(ji)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)、活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)环、风扇(shan)叶片、齿(chi)轮油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)侧板、骨(gu)架(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封、止(zhi)推(tui)(tui)垫圈(quan)(quan)、止(zhi)推(tui)(tui)轴承、止(zhi)推(tui)(tui)垫片、挡油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圈(quan)(quan)、喷油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)柱塞(sai)(sai)、离合器(qi)摩擦(ca)片盘毂、传动轴万向(xiang)节等,这(zhei)些(xie)零部(bu)(bu)件在安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)时,如不(bu)了(le)解结(jie)(jie)构(gou)及安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)注意事(shi)项(xiang),最易装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan),致(zhi)使(shi)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配后(hou)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)不(bu)正常(chang),导致(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程机(ji)(ji)械(xie)故障的(de)(de)(de)(de)发生。如1台4120F柴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)更(geng)换活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)环后(hou),柴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)机(ji)(ji)冒蓝烟,考虑(lv)可能是(shi)机(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)加(jia)注过多或者(zhe)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)环“对口(kou)(kou)”所致(zhi)。检查机(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)量正常(chang),拆下(xia)一(yi)个缸的(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)连杆组,发现(xian)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)环未“对口(kou)(kou)”,但却把气环装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan)了(le),检查其它各(ge)缸活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)环也都(dou)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan)了(le)。该机(ji)(ji)使(shi)用内(nei)(nei)切(qie)槽(cao)(cao)式(shi)扭曲气环,安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)时要求内(nei)(nei)切(qie)口(kou)(kou)朝上,维(wei)(wei)修人员(yuan)(yuan)恰恰装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan)了(le),由于内(nei)(nei)切(qie)槽(cao)(cao)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)环装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan)时极易出现(xian)活(huo)塞(sai)(sai)“泵(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”现(xian)象,使(shi)机(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沿环切(qie)口(kou)(kou)处上窜到(dao)燃烧室内(nei)(nei)燃烧。又如ZL50装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)载机(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)上装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)(you)2个骨(gu)架(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封,油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封的(de)(de)(de)(de)正确安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方向(xiang)是(shi):里(li)侧的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封唇口(kou)(kou)向(xiang)里(li),外侧的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封唇口(kou)(kou)向(xiang)外,这(zhei)样既可防(fang)止(zhi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)泵(beng)将(jiang)液压油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱(xiang)内(nei)(nei)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液通(tong)过变速(su)泵(beng)打入变速(su)箱(xiang),也可防(fang)止(zhi)变速(su)泵(beng)将(jiang)变速(su)箱(xiang)内(nei)(nei)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液通(tong)过工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)泵(beng)打入液压油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱(xiang)内(nei)(nei)(工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)泵(beng)和变速(su)泵(beng)并(bing)排安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),由一(yi)只轴齿(chi)轮驱(qu)动),笔(bi)者(zhe)就曾遇到(dao)两例因(yin)该油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反(fan)(fan)而导致(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液互窜故障。因(yin)此,维(wei)(wei)修人员(yuan)(yuan)在装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配零部(bu)(bu)件时,一(yi)定要掌握零部(bu)(bu)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)结(jie)(jie)构(gou)及安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方向(xiang)要求,不(bu)可想当然盲(mang)目安(an)(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。

10、维(wei)修方法(fa)不正(zheng)规,“治标不治本”仍是(shi)一些维(wei)修单位惯用的手(shou)段。

在(zai)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)工程机(ji)械时(shi)(shi),一(yi)些维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)正确的(de)(de)(de)(de)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)方法(fa),认为(wei)应(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)措施是(shi)万能的(de)(de)(de)(de),以“应(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji)”代“维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)”,“治标不(bu)(bu)(bu)治本”的(de)(de)(de)(de)现象还很多(duo)。如经常(chang)遇到的(de)(de)(de)(de)“以焊代修(xiu)(xiu)”,就是(shi)一(yi)例,一(yi)些部件(jian)本可进行修(xiu)(xiu)理(li),但(dan)有些维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员(yuan)(yuan)图(tu)省事(shi),却常(chang)采(cai)(cai)用“焊死(si)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)。1台12V135型柴油(you)(you)机(ji)喷(pen)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)凸轮(lun)轴键(jian)槽因磨(mo)损(sun)松旷(kuang),半圆键(jian)固定不(bu)(bu)(bu)牢,本应(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)重新铣(xian)键(jian)槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)办法(fa)解决,但(dan)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员(yuan)(yuan)却直(zhi)接(jie)把凸轮(lun)轴和(he)喷(pen)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)联接(jie)盘焊在(zai)一(yi)起(qi),导(dao)致(zhi)该处无法(fa)拆卸,后(hou)期维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)困难(nan)(nan)。液压(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)缸(gang)耳(er)环和(he)油(you)(you)缸(gang)活塞杆联接(jie)螺纹损(sun)坏后(hou),用直(zhi)接(jie)焊接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa),致(zhi)使油(you)(you)缸(gang)油(you)(you)封损(sun)坏后(hou)无法(fa)更换,漏油(you)(you)严(yan)重;当(dang)发现工作(zuo)装(zhuang)置(zhi)动作(zuo)缓慢或转向困难(nan)(nan)时(shi)(shi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)查(cha)故障(zhang)原(yuan)因,盲目(mu)调(diao)高系统的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)压(ya)(ya)力(li),导(dao)致(zhi)系统压(ya)(ya)力(li)过高,易(yi)损(sun)坏油(you)(you)封、管路、液压(ya)(ya)元(yuan)件(jian)等;为(wei)了使柴油(you)(you)机(ji)“有劲”,人为(wei)调(diao)大喷(pen)油(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供油(you)(you)量和(he)调(diao)高喷(pen)油(you)(you)器(qi)喷(pen)油(you)(you)压(ya)(ya)力(li)。这些不(bu)(bu)(bu)正规的(de)(de)(de)(de)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)方法(fa)只能应(ying)(ying)(ying)急(ji),却不(bu)(bu)(bu)可长(zhang)期使用,必须从(cong)根本上(shang)查(cha)出故障(zhang)原(yuan)因,采(cai)(cai)取(qu)正规的(de)(de)(de)(de)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)方法(fa)排除故障(zhang),应(ying)(ying)(ying)引起(qi)维(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人员(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)意。

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