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電動叉車電池長壽命使用技巧_叉車百科_資訊動態_廈門永新昌機械設備有限公司

資訊動態 比亞迪叉車 2016-03-29

鉛酸蓄電池的維護和注意(yi)事項

一、電池充、放電時,電池液位的變化情況:

1,電池放電時:電池液滲入電池極(ji)板孔隙內,所以電池液液位會

下降。

2,電池(chi)充電時:電池(chi)液被排出電池(chi)極板的孔隙,所(suo)以電池(chi)液液位會上升。

二、關于電池液的損耗:

1,電池(chi)在充電時,尤其是(shi)接近氣化階段(CassingCondition),電學(xue)反應是(shi)電池(chi)液的水份被電解(jie)。以(yi)氫(H)和氧(O)的氣體溢出,從而使電池(chi)液容量減少,濃度增加。

2,電(dian)池在(zai)放(fang)電(dian)時,也(ye)(ye)會出現上述反應(ying),但(dan)沒有充電(dian)時強烈(lie),但(dan)在(zai)大(da)電(dian)流連續放(fang)電(dian)時,上述反應(ying)失水也(ye)(ye)相(xiang)當強烈(lie)。

3,在激烈的(de)電(dian)化學反(fan)應中(zhong)(zhong),如果(guo)(guo)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)液(ye)位過高,則排(pai)出的(de)氣體會帶(dai)著電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)一(yi)起飛濺溢(yi)(yi)出,從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)液(ye)位下降(其中(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)硫酸H2SO4隨著電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)的(de)溢(yi)(yi)出而(er)(er)損失)。如果(guo)(guo)利(li)用補(bu)充(chong)純水保持液(ye)位,則會使電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)的(de)液(ye)度變化(即電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)比重(zhong)不(bu)足)。由于各個(ge)單元的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)液(ye)飛濺溢(yi)(yi)出情況(kuang)不(bu)一(yi)樣,經這樣補(bu)水后各個(ge)單元電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)之間的(de)比重(zhong)不(bu)一(yi)致,形成各單元電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)之間的(de)電(dian)位差,從(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)影響電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)效能。所以在電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使用中(zhong)(zhong)要力求(qiu)避免(mian)這種情況(kuang)出現。

三、為什么要補充純水:

1.要求在任(ren)何(he)時候不(bu)論電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)液(ye)(ye)位變化如何(he),電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)都必須浸沒極(ji)板(極(ji)板不(bu)可露出電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)),這(zhe)樣才能充分發揮它在設(she)計上(shang)的(de)(de)要求(容(rong)量)。電(dian)池(chi)容(rong)量與電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板所接觸的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)面積有(you)關。

2.電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)(zai)運(yun)作中(zhong)應保(bao)持電(dian)池(chi)液應有(you)的(de)濃度及各(ge)個單(dan)元(yuan)電(dian)池(chi)之間(jian)的(de)濃度的(de)一(yi)致性(xing)。否則(ze)各(ge)個單(dan)元(yuan)電(dian)池(chi)之間(jian)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)位差(cha),產(chan)生環流而(er)影響電(dian)池(chi)組的(de)效率(lv)。電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)壓和電(dian)池(chi)液的(de)濃度有(you)關(guan)。

3.正確補充水對電池的效(xiao)能和使用壽命有(you)重要影(ying)響且(qie)可減少和降低硫(liu)酸鹽化。

四、怎樣補充水:

1.必須在(zai)電池充滿電后1-2小(xiao)時內進行(xing)

2.在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)使用之后(hou),測量液位(以防濺板(ban)為基準),應仍可(確(que)認在(zai)上個充放(fang)電(dian)周(zhou)期內電(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)沒有外露)檢出。

3.補(bu)水后液位應高于防濺(jian)板(ban)5-10 mm,但不可過高(以(yi)防濺(jian)板(ban)為基準)。

4.經過(guo)若(ruo)干個充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)周期后(hou),把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至不(bu)能再充(chong)時,測(ce)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)比重,若(ruo)比重過(guo)低或各個單元電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)比重不(bu)一(yi)致,則應加硫酸。把比重重新調整到(1.27-1.29)G/CM3之間(使各個單元電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)比重接近一(yi)致)。調整后(hou)再進行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)(ye)均勻,此項(xiang)要(yao)由專業人員負責進行(xing)。

五、注意事項:

1.在正常(chang)使(shi)用時(shi),一個(ge)充放電(dian)周(zhou)期內,一個(ge)單元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)分損(sun)失約(yue)4ml /100Ah的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)量。例:一個(ge)500Ah 的(de)(de)(de)單元(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)池大約(yue)應補充20 ml的(de)(de)(de)純水(shui)。

2.補水后,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)的(de)液(ye)位務必不可超出防濺板10mm ,原因為(wei): A.液(ye)位過高,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)容量(liang)接(jie)觸到電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極板間連焊接(jie)的(de)鋁排,會形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)的(de)離子污染,從而使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組放電(dian)(dian)(dian)加強,損害電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量(liang)和(he)壽命。

B.液位(wei)過(guo)高在電(dian)(dian)化學反應時會引起電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)液飛濺溢出,導致 電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)液濃度降低,從而降低電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量和(he)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓。且飛濺出的(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)液會對車體和(he)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)造成腐蝕作用。

3.如電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye)位不足,則在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(ban)上端(duan)部分(fen)會外露于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)液(ye),這樣就減少電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(ban)參與電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反應的面積從而降(jiang)低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的容(rong)量(liang)。

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